Cisco 2 notitie’s
Trunking commando’s / OSPF / Basic
OSPF commands
OSPF Commando’s
Enter OSPF router configuration mode using process ID 56. (OSPF Router config mode ID 56)
R1(config)# router ospf 56
Show directly connected networks on Router (Laat zien welke kabels zijn direct verbonden aan de router)
R1(config)# do show ip route connected
C 10.53.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
Configure a static router ID for each router (1.1.1.1 for R1, 2.2.2.2 for R2). (Stel voor elke router een ID aan, zodat je later kan aangeven welke DR of BDR router is)
R1(config-router)# router-id 1.1.1.1 R2(config-router)# router-id 2.2.2.2
Configure a network statement for the network between R1 and R2 placing it in area 0. (Maak een netwerk aan zodat router kan zien welke devices zijn verbonden aan andere router, daar gebruik je het ip adres wat verbonden is direct connected lijn en wildcard adres: 0.0.0.255)
R1(config-router)# network 10.53.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R2(config-router)# network 10.53.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R2 only, add the configuration necessary to advertise the Loopback 1 network into OSPF area 0.
R2(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
OF
R2(config)# interface loopback1 R2(config-if)# ip ospf 56 area 0
Verify OSPFv2 is operational between the routers. Issue the command to verify R1 and R2 have formed an adjacency. (1.1.1.1 for R1, 2.2.2.2 for R2). (Laat zien buurman’s OSPF status met ID en ip adres)
R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DR 00:00:33 10.53.0.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
R2# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 10.53.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
On R1, configure the interface G0/0/1 OSPF priority to 50 to ensure R1 is the Designated Router.). (Stel R1 als DR router denk hierbij aan een verkeersleider en geef hem prio 50)
R1(config)# interface g0/0/1 R1(config-if)# ip ospf priority 50
Configure the OSPF timers on the G0/0/1 of each router for a hello timer of 30 seconds. (OSPF gebruikt hello packets om te kijken of twee routers nog leven)
R1(config)# interface g0/0/1 R1(config-if)# ip ospf hello-interval 30 R2(config)# interface g0/0/1 R1(config-if)# ip ospf hello-interval 30
On R1, configure a default static route that uses interface Loopback 1 as the exit interface. Then, propagate the default route into OSPF. Note the console message after setting the default route. (Gebruik hiervoor default route 0.0.0.0 en zorgen ervoor dat default route samen voegen met OSPF)
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 loopback 1
%Default route without gateway, if not a point-to-point interface, may impact performance
R1(config)# router ospf 56
R1(config-router)# default-information originate
On R2 only, add the configuration necessary for OSPF to treat R2 Loopback 1 like a point-to-point network. This results in OSPF advertising Loopback 1 using the interface subnet mask.(Geef aan in loopback 1 interface dat het een netwerk point-to-point is.)
R2(config)# interface loopback 1 R2(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point R2(config-if)# exit
On R2 only, add the configuration necessary to prevent OSPF advertisements from being sent to the Loopback 1 network.(Passive: blokkeert pakketten die worden doorgestuurd via die lijn, ze willen niks via Loopback 1 interface gestuurd worden op R2, dus maak een passive-interface loopback 1 aan.)
R2(config)# router ospf 56 R2(config-router)# passive-interface loopback 1 R2(config-router)# exit
Change the reference bandwidth on each router to 1Gbs. After this configuration, restart OSPF using the clear ip ospf process
command. Note the console message after setting the new reference bandwidth.
R1(config)# router ospf 56 R1(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000 %OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed. Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers. R1(config-router)# end R1# clear ip ospf process Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes R2(config)# router ospf 56 R2(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000 %OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed. Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers. R2(config-router)# end R2# clear ip ospf process Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
Basic commands
Basic Device Settings Commando’s
Console into the router and enable privileged EXEC mode.
router> enable
Enter configuration mode.
router# config terminal
Assign a device name to the router.
router(config)# hostname R1
Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names.
R1(config)# no ip domain lookup
Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password.
R1(config)# enable secret class
Assign cisco as the console password and enable login.
R1(config)# line vty 0 15
R1(config-line)# password cisco
R1(config-line)# login
Encrypt the plaintext passwords.
R1(config)# service password-encryption
Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited.
R1(config)# banner motd ‘Alleen voor Nova studenten! ‘
Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file.
R1# copy running-config startup-config
Set the clock on the router.
R1# clock set 15:30:00 27 Aug 2022
VLAN
VLAN commando’s
Shut down all interfaces that will not be used. (Sluit poorten die je niet gebruikt doormiddel een range command, kan je meer poorten selecteren en daarna sluiten)
S1(config)# interface range f0/2-5, f0/7-24, g0/1-2 S1(config-if-range)# shutdown
Set the clock on the switch.
S1# clock set 15:30:00 21 September 2022
Create VLANs on both switches. (Maak een VLAN aan)
S1(config)# vlan 10
S1(config-vlan)# name Management
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 20
S1(config-vlan)# name Sales
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 30
S1(config-vlan)# name Operations
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 999
S1(config-vlan)# name Parking_Lot
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 1000
S1(config-vlan)# name Native
S1(config-vlan)# exit
Configure the management interface and default gateway on each switch using the IP address information in the Addressing Table. (Voeg IP-adres toe en default-gateway aan de VLAN en zorg dat hij aangaat)
S1(config)# interface vlan 10
S1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.11 255.255.255.0
S1(config-if)# no shutdown
S1(config-if)# exit
S1(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.10.1
Assign all unused ports on the switch to the Parking_Lot VLAN, configure them for static access mode, and administratively deactivate them. (Sluit poorten die je niet nodig heb en voeg ze aan de VLAN Parking_Lot toe)
S1(config)# interface range f0/2 – 4 , f0/7 – 24 , g0/1 – 2
S1(config-if-range)# switchport mode access
S1(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 999
S1(config-if-range)# shutdown
Assign used ports to the appropriate VLAN (specified in the VLAN table above) and configure them for static access mode. (Instellen op Access mode zodat hij niet Trunking gebruikt op die lijn’en’ en zorgen dat VLAN 20 volgens het table toegevoegd is op F0/6)
S1(config)# interface f0/6
S1(config-if)# switchport mode access
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20
Verify that the VLANs are assigned to the correct interfaces. (VLAN’s bekijken op welke poort ze staan ingesteld)
S1# show vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
—- ——————————– ——— ——————————-
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/5
10 Management active
20 Sales active Fa0/6
30 Operations active
999 Parking_Lot active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/7
Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11
Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15
Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
Trunking
Trunking commando’s
Configure static trunking on interface F0/1 for both switches.
S1(config)# interface f0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
S2(config)# interface f0/1
S2(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
Set the native VLAN to 1000 on both switches. (Zorgt ervoor dat VLAN 1000 niet met een VLAN Tag doorgezien word)
S1(config)# interface f0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 1000
S2(config)# interface f0/1
S2(config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 1000
Specify that VLANs 10, 20, 30, and 1000 are allowed to cross the trunk. (Zorg dat de VLAN’s over trunk kabel mogen, in dit geval bedoelen ze de kabel tussen de 2 switches)

S1(config)# interface f0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000
S2(config)# interface f0/1
S2(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000
Router Trunking / Vlan
Router instellen voor Vlan
Configure sub-interfaces for each VLAN as specified in the IP addressing table. All sub-interfaces use 802.1Q encapsulation. Ensure the sub-interface for the native VLAN does not have an IP address assigned. Include a description for each sub-interface.
(802.1Q word gebruikt voor VLAN met een subinterface toe te voegen)
R1(config)# interface g0/1.10
R1(config-subif)# description Management Network
R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 10
R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)# interface g0/1.20
R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 20
R1(config-subif)# description Sales Network
R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)# interface g0/1.30
R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 30
R1(config-subif)# description Operations Network
R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)# interface g0/1.1000
R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 1000 native
R1(config-subif)# description Native VLAN
Verify the sub-interfaces are operational (Kijken dat je de Subinterface heb goed ingesteld op de router)
R1# show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM up up
Gi0/0/1.10 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
Gi0/0/1.20 192.168.20.1 YES manual up up
Gi0/0/1.30 192.168.30.1 YES manual up up
Gi0/0/1.1000 unassigned YES unset up up
GigabitEthernet0 unassigned YES NVRAM down down